-, Motta I, Migone De Amicis M, Pinto VM, et al. Learn more about COVID-19 vaccination for people with beta-thalassemia or beta-thalassemia trait. Clin Lab Med. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends COVID-19 vaccines for everybody over 6 months of age in the United States. The most important thing you can do is make sure you are vaccinated and stay up to date on when boosters are needed. Hemoglobin is the iron-containing part of your red blood cells that allows them to carry oxygen throughout your body. People who are moderate to severely immunocompromised may need additional doses of the COVID-19 vaccine to stay protected. Luspatercept improves hemoglobin levels and blood transfusion requirements in a study of patients with -thalassemia. Can SARS-CoV-2 be transmitted via blood transfusions? Update in laboratory diagnosis of thalassemia. Int J Mol Sci. For many people with alopecia areata, dietary changes and adding certain supplements can help manage and treat the condition. 1 Platt L, Warwick R. Are some ethnic groups Thalassemia is an inherited disorder that impairs the production of hemoglobin. However, the results have been inconsistent and so the connection between COVID-19 and different blood types still isn't clear. Beta-thalassemia trait is less common. Co-inheritance of -thalassaemia and -thalassaemia in a prenatal screening population in mainland China. The study found that patients with blood types A and AB were found to be more likely to require mechanical ventilation and to require dialysis for kidney failure. People with beta thalassemia may be at a higher risk of developing severe disease or death, but studies are . Beta thalassemia. If you have minor or no symptoms, your provider may suspect thalassemia based on the results of a routine blood test. Can COVID-19 Be A Threat For Thalassemia Patients? Find - Onlymyhealth Beta thalassemia may protect against COVID 19. They often share similar symptoms but have different causes as well as different treatments and severity. This condition is called anemia. 2020;57(5):478.doi:10.1007/s13312-020-1831-9, By Lynne Eldridge, MD That said, the shortage of the blood supply has proven challenging. Information for people with thalassemia - COVID-19 Vaccine 2021;16(1):114.doi:10.1186/s13023-021-01757-w. U.S. Food & Drug Administration. They also shouldnt get it if they have a known allergy to a component of the vaccine. People with thalassemia often experience similar COVID-19 complications as those without thalassemia, but they may be at greater risk for certain problems. The need for frequent blood transfusions and complications of the disease that result in more clinic visits and hospitalizations could raise the odds that someone would come into contact with the virus. Beta thalassemia. This means you have lower levels of hemoglobin, which could result in mild anemia. Accessibility Chowdhury SF, Anwar S. Management of hemoglobin disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. See additional information. A 2014 Chinese study found that 17.8% of people with beta-thalassemia trait also had genetic mutations that affected the alpha gene. Daidone R, Carollo A, Perricone MP, Messina R, Balistreri CR. rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/thalassemia-major/, bccdc.ca/Health-Info-Site/Documents/COVID-19_vaccine/Thalassemia_Clinical_Guidance.pdf, heart.org/en/beyond-the-table/stories/covid-19-vaccine-is-high-priority-for-cardiac-patients, autoimmuneinstitute.org/vaccine-autoimmune-disease-faq/, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8811850/, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7321655/, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8247188/, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9016533/, medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.07.25.22278009v1.full, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8397014/, ncsl.org/research/health/school-immunization-exemption-state-laws.aspx, cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/downloads/summary-interim-clinical-considerations.pdf, cdc.gov/ncbddd/thalassemia/treatment.html, cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/clinical-considerations/interim-considerations-us.html, Everything You Need to Know About Thalassemia, Will COVID-19 Vaccines Give Lifelong Immunity to the Disease? While the latest research suggests that antibodies against Covid-19 could be lost in just three months, a new hope has appeared on the horizon: the enigmatic T cell. It is possible to have both alpha- and beta-thalassemia. Care of patients with hemoglobin disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic: An overview of recommendations. Experts say that, There are many different types of anemia. Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder that affects your body's ability to produce hemoglobin and healthy red blood cells. A Southeast Asian perspective on the COVID-19 pandemic: hemoglobin E (HbE)-trait confers resistance against COVID-19. If you're living with thalassemia, you may be at greater risk for serious outcomes of COVID-19. If your doctor suspects your child has thalassemia, he or she can confirm a diagnosis with blood tests. Published 2020 Sep 7. doi:10.23750/abm.v91i3.10063. Anecdotal reports are surfacing that some people are developing tinnitus days after receiving one of the COVID vaccines. Drouin E, et al. Who's at Risk for Long COVID? Certain medications have been approved to reduce the frequency of transfusions needed. Thalassaemia - NHS It's hard to focus on positives at this time, but sometimes making an effort can help you find a sense of gratitude that would otherwise be elusive. 2020 Sep 25;15(1):265. doi: 10.1186/s13023-020-01543-0. (Source: File Photo) For almost a week now, Delhi resident Komal Mehta has been making frantic calls for O-negative blood for her 16-year-old son, a thalassemia major, who requires a blood transfusion every 21 days.While his blood transfusion of two units was to take place on March 13, Mehta has not been able to . HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Prevention measures are very important. Thalassemia may increase the risk of serious outcomes of COVID-19. Acta Biomed. We studied 255 positive COVID-19 participants unvaccinated against severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), consecutively . Beta Thalassemia Trait (Minor) - Nicklaus Children's Hospital The CDC recommends mRNA vaccines for people who are moderately or severely immunocompromised. (2022). Possible symptoms include: Doctors sometimes mistake symptoms of thalassemia trait for iron deficiency. Metabolism. "All may acquire COVID-19 and all should take the recommended precautions to reduce the risk.". Learn more about beta-thalassemia trait and pregnancy. If the mutation affects three of your genes, you have a more severe case of alpha-thalassemia. 2021.doi:10.1016/j.htct.2021.04.003, Dalamaga M, Karampela I, Mantzoros CS. Let's look at why and how to get support to stop drinking: While not as serious as other causes of chest pain, anemia-related chest pain can be a sign that your current treatment plan isn't working. FAQs: Expert Answers Questions On Management Tips For Thalassemia Adrenal insufficiency (a lack of sufficient hormone production by the adrenal glands) can occur with thalassemia. Its most common in Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and the Mediterranean. As a whole, experts recommend that peopleregardless of blood typekeep following CDC guidelines to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. April 20, 2020. When there isn't enough hemoglobin, the body's red blood cells don't function properly and they last shorter periods of time, so there are fewer healthy red blood cells traveling . Eur J Haematol. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error, Strategies to enhance information sharing between healthcare professionals and patients and their families by developing communication channel and tools (A), setting up a protocol for answering patient queries (B) and maintaining a regular flow of quality information to patients (C) [Colour figure can be viewed at, Patient pathways during the pandemic: general pathway (left panel) and transfusiondependent patient pathway (right panel) [Colour figure can be viewed at, A proposed algorithm for the diagnosis of COVID19 in patients with haemoglobinopathies [Colour figure can be viewed at. Vitamin and mineral supplementation may be recommended for some people with thalassemia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Should people with thalassemia take vitamins and mineral supplements during the COVID-19 pandemic? IgA Antibodies and IgA Deficiency in SARS-CoV-2 Infection De Sanctis V, Canatan D, Corrons JLV, et al. People with thalassemia minor or trait usually do not need blood transfusions because they either do not have anemia or have only a mild anemia. There has also been a shortage at other steps in the process, such as personnel available to perform collections, as well as process and deliver donated blood. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Many patients with haemoglobinopathies, including thalassaemia and sickle cell disease, are at increased risk of developing severe complications from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Key points about beta thalassemia in children. Telehealth visits, which are appointments with a healthcare provider using electronic devices from your home, are considered the equivalent of an in-person visit in many ways and can provide excellent care in many situations. Try taking a few moments to list a few of the positive areas in your life. Among people with thalassemia, little is known about long-term complications from COVID-19 at this time. Symptoms can range from none at all to severe anemia that requires frequent blood transfusions. This causes less severe anemia. Learn more about COVID-19 vaccination for people with beta-thalassemia or . What are the symptoms of beta thalassemia? COVID-19 and thalassemia: Frequently asked questions. Some studies estimate the worldwide prevalence of alpha-thalassemia trait to be as high as 5%. What Are the Differences Between the Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 Vaccines? doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2020-0213. IgA is active against several pathogens, including rotavirus, poliovirus, influenza virus, and SARS-CoV-2. On the other, people with thalassemia may be at risk of adrenal insufficiency (adrenal crisis), which can worsen a person's condition with severe COVID-19. April 21, 2020. Newborn screening practices and alpha-thalassemia detection United States, 2016. Looking at a small sample group early on in the pandemic, the overall mortality rate of those with thalassemia from a COVID-19 infection was 18.6%, compared with a mortality rate of 4.71% in the general population. Thalassemia: Complications and Treatment | CDC COVID-19. According to this systematic-review meta-analysis, beta-thalassemia carriers could be less affected by CO VID-19 than the general population and more susceptible to die from COVID-19 or one of its consequences. Unlike its alpha counterpart, only one gene (HBB) is responsible for making hemoglobin beta. All rights reserved. In Italy there are about 5000 patients with dependent transfusion thalassemia (source Italian Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathies - SITE) and a smaller number, currently not definable, of patients with sickle cell anemia in chronic transfusion. Quite a bit of research has been published about blood type and COVID-19 risk. A person with beta thalassemia minor . It's currently recommended that people with thalassemia who have severe COVID-19 be given blood thinners, though this could change as more is learned. 2020;6(9):FSO628. Here, experts weigh in on what you really need to know. A recent pre-print study has showed a heme attack on the 1-beta chain of hemoglobin by COVID19. Jean-Mignard E, et al. (2022). How do I know if I have thalassemia trait? In general, if both parents have thalassemia trait, theres a: Because more genes are involved in alpha-thalassemia trait, there are several possible outcomes depending on each parents combination of genes. People with certain medical conditions. Jason DelCollo, DO, is a board-certified medicine physician and associate faculty member at the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine. A simple blood test could let a doctor know if you have alpha- or beta-thalassemia minor. This means red blood cells aren't made properly or they are destroyed. 2021 Mar 1;16(1):114. doi: 10.1186/s13023-021-01757-w. Parakh N, Pahuja S, Singh V, Kumar N, Chandra J. J Paediatr Child Health. WHO COVID19 Dashboard. In that event, it's advisable that the therapy be stopped until the infection has cleared. Li L, et al. Some research findings have suggested that people with blood types A and AB are more susceptible to contracting COVID-19, while those with blood type O are less likely to test positive for the virus. All rights reserved. However, as the situation surrounding COVID-19 continues to evolve, it's possible that some data have changed since publication. People with thalassemia tend to experience similar complications from COVID-19 as those without thalassemia. While the research is early and there is much left to be learned, people who have thalassemia (at least some types) may be more susceptible to contracting coronavirus and having a serious outcome. Iron chelation therapy is also a vital treatment for people with transfusion-dependent thalassemia and should be continued until COVID-19 symptoms develop. There are four types of alpha thalassemia, and two main types of beta thalassemia. There are many types of thalassemia. A comprehensive review of hydroxyurea for -haemoglobinopathies: the role revisited during COVID-19 pandemic. Some people have been re-infected multiple times with the virus, while others appear to have avoided the virus entirely. Home isolation in transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients with SARS CoV2 infection: Experience from a developing country. Blood types are split up into four major groups, all dependent on the presence or absence of two specific antigens on the surface of the blood: A and B, according to the American Red Cross. doi:10.23750/abm.v91i3.10155, De Sanctis VD, Canatan D, Corrons JLV, et al. There are a number of factors that might increase the chances of a person with thalassemia being exposed to SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19. Biochemistry, hemoglobin synthesis. World Health Organization (WHO) . Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. The researchers recommend that people with thalassemia major should be followed closely by a doctor. doi:10.12659/MSMBR.929207, Drouin E. Beta-thalassemia may protect against COVID 19. These antigens help prompt a response from your body's immune system. Genetic testing is the only way to confirm whether you carry the gene. Treatment can consist of blood transfusions and iron chelation therapy. As published in the New England Journal of Medicine, several months after this non-heritable treatment, all patients no longer needed frequent . Here's What You Need to Know, Omicron Infection Timeline: When Symptoms Start and How Long They Last. Facial Presentation in People with Beta-Thalassemia Major, The Hidden Signs You May Have a Red Meat Allergy From a Tick Bite, Alpha Thalassemia: Symptoms, Causes, Treatments, and More, Alopecia Areata and Diet: Foods to Eat and Avoid. That means getting vaccinated and boosted, social distancing, wearing a mask in public, and washing your hands regularly, among other things. FOIA Bookshelf There is some limited evidence that certain types of thalassemia may offer some protection against SARS-CoV-2. If both parents carry a trait for either alpha- or beta-thalassemia, their child could develop a severe form of the disease. Many times people with thalassemia are prescribed a supplemental B vitamin, known as folic acid, to help treat anemia. Thalassemia Benefits. Med Sci Monit Basic Res. Management of Hemoglobin Disorders During the COVID-19 Pandemic Eur J Haematol. "As an individual, you have your blood typethere's nothing you can do about it.". But again, experts say it's too early to know for sure. To begin, think of something you've had time to do that you'd otherwise not have time for, or something you learned. COVID-19: Beta-Thalassemia Subjects Immunised? - Preprints Still, the study authors wrote, "the impact of blood type on clinical outcomes remains unclear. Laboratory diagnosis of thalassemia. This is the most important step in keeping you out of the hospital and alive. For those who develop COVID-19, doctors should be aware of this increased risk of a secondary bacterial infection so that antibiotics can be started early with any signs, such as a fever. A Practical Approach to the Management of Cancer Patients During the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: An International Collaborative Group. People with beta thalassemia minor might never know they have the disease. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The .gov means its official. Thalassemia is a medical condition in which the body makes less hemoglobin than usual. Careers. Torti L, Sorrentino F, Maffei L, De Fabritiis P, Abruzzese E. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. Objectives: -. Hemoglobin normally is made of four chainstwo alpha chains and two beta chains. Consider talking with a doctor about testing for thalassemia trait if theres a history of thalassemia or thalassemia trait in your family, or if you plan to have a child with someone who has the trait or a family history of it. While blood transfusions and iron chelation therapy (iron-binding drugs that are sometimes given via infusion) require traveling to a clinic or hospital, there are many healthcare visits that can be handled virtually. About 1.5% of the worlds population carry HBB mutations that cause beta thalassemia. The first study, conducted by . Each one has different subtypes and hence the severity . Epub 2020 Sep 15. EHA and TIF explore how COVID-19 is affecting thalassemia and SCD marion.cook@wanadoo.fr. Sotiriou S, et al. According to research from 2020 and 2021, 93% of U.S. newborn screening programs provide some info on alpha-thalassemia and 85% provide info on beta-thalassemia. (2022). What Research Says About the Link Between COVID-19 and Blood Type, What the Blood Link Research Means for You, Omicron vs. Delta: How the 2 COVID-19 Variants Compare, ShinglesHerpes ZosterInfection May Be Linked to the COVID-19 Vaccine, Can COVID-19 Cause Diabetes? Experts estimate 1.5% of the worlds population to be carriers. Yet, no matter how difficult the trial, there are often positive points. Thalassemia is a blood disorder in which the body makes an abnormal form of hemoglobin. While the link between blood type and COVID-19 risk is still unclear, it's important to note that there have been links between blood type and diseases in the past. A temporary drop in hemoglobin levels was noted 3 months after vaccination. 2020;91(3):e2020026. 2023 Mar 2;24(5):4809. doi: 10.3390/ijms24054809. Sotiriou S, et al. But you can still pass down the affected gene to future generations. It causes anemia. Impact of IFN-1a in treatment of a COVID-19 patient with beta thalassemia and diabetes mellitus: A case report. People with thalassemia trait dont usually have symptoms. In order to better describe the frequency and manifestations of COVID-19 in thalassemia patients living in France, we report the cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection that occurred during the year 2020. Thalassemia is an autosomal recessive condition. Learn more. People with beta thalassemia may be at a higher risk of developing severe disease or death, but studies are conflicting at this time. For the latest on COVID-19, visit our coronavirus news page. Mark S. Lesney. It causes mild to severe respiratory illness with some flu-like symptoms. Read our, Risk of Severe Outcomes From COVID-19 for People With Thalassemia, Complications of Thalassemia and COVID-19, People Who Have Had a Splenectomy and Transplant Recipients. Researchers found inconsistent findings but did identify certain trends suggesting that blood type A might predispose one to increased susceptibility to infection with SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19), or that type O and Rh-negative blood groups might be protective. They result in low hemoglobin production and destruction of red blood cells. Thalassemia - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic This could be dangerous, as too much iron can cause serious health problems. eCollection 2023. There have been multiple studies on blood types and COVID-19 risk. Epub 2022 Jul 5. doi:10.2144/fsoa-2020-0110, Papadopoulos KI, Sutheesophon W, Manipalviratn S, Aw TC. According to the CDC, people shouldnt get vaccinated if they have had a severe allergic reaction to a previous dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. The dosages and timing, however, should be carefully discussed with your healthcare before starting any supplement. This can make them very anaemic (tired, short of breath and pale). Beta-Thalassemia Minor and SARS-CoV-2: Physiopathology, Prevalence, Severity, Morbidity, and Mortality. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. Within each of these types, the severity varies, from causing moderate to severe anemia to requiring frequent blood transfusions. You'll likely need several tests by different doctors. People with certain medical conditions. Most cases are caused by a mutation in the HBB gene. In a large Iranian study, the prevalence of COVID-19 in people with non-transfusion dependent thalassemia (those with the disease not dependent on transfusions) was much higher than in the general population (45 vs. 22.3 infections per 10,000 people). What to Know About Thalassemia and COVID-19. Transfusion. Acta Biomed. But its most common in the Mediterranean, where incidence can be as high as 15%. Without enough hemoglobin, your red blood cells die more quickly, and your organs and tissues dont get enough oxygen. COVID vaccine & autoimmune disease FAQ. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. If you have a family history of thalassemia, you may want to know whether you carry the trait. Thalassemia - Diagnosis | NHLBI, NIH Blood banking and transfusion medicine challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. doi:10.23750/abm.v91i3.10063, Taher AT, Bou-Fakhredin R, Kreidieh F, et al. Thalassemias | Johns Hopkins Medicine Am J Hematol. Heavy alcohol drinking is known to further aggravate anemia. (2021). Herd immunity and COVID-19: What you need to know National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), COVID-19 vaccination for people with beta-thalassemia or beta-thalassemia trait, rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/alpha-thalassemia/, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8703506/, rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/thalassemia-major/, onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ijlh.12527, hematology.org/covid-19/covid-19-and-thalassemia, thalassemia.org/i-have-a-thalassemia-trait/, journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0969141314548203, stemcellres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13287-022-02768-5, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7326097/, gimjournal.org/article/S1098-3600(21)02253-X/fulltext, cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/people-with-medical-conditions.html, nhlbi.nih.gov/health/thalassemia/pregnancy, link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00404-022-06519-y, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8955557/, thalassemia.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/WhatIsThalTrait_sm.pdf, Everything You Need to Know About Thalassemia. Korin Miller is a freelance writer specializing in general wellness, sexual health and relationships, shopping, and lifestyle trends, with work appearing in Womens Health, Self, Prevention, Forbes, Daily Beast, and more. Lansiaux E, et al. Brancaleoni V, et al. The allergy can develop after a, This inherited blood disorder usually requires vitamin supplement. There are no extra safety precautions necessary for people with beta thalassemia who get vaccinated against COVID-19 when compared with people in the general population. In late 2020, a team of researchers in the United States and Europe succeeded for the first time in using CRISPR to treat 10 people with sickle cell disease and transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia. They only have one mutated HBB gene from their parents. Beta-thalassemia occurs when your body has trouble producing hemoglobin beta. 2020;7:306.doi:10.3389/fmed.2020.00306, Mungmunpuntipantip R, Wiwanitkit V. Hemoglobinopathy and COVID-19, Hematol Transfus Cell Ther. Mark S. Lesney. More research is needed to, Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. Patients with beta-thalassaemia increase the risk of bacterial infections, particularly Burkholderia pseudomallei (Bp), the causative agent of melioidosis in Thailand. Summary document for interim clinical considerations for use of COVID-19 vaccines currently authorized or approved in the United States. Before SARS-CoV-2 infection in beta thalassemia: Preliminary data - PubMed Farmakis D, Giakoumis A, Angastiniotis M, Eleftheriou A. The first study, conducted by Danish researchers, analyzed data from more than 473,000 people tested for COVID-19 with data from a control group of more than 2.2m non-tested people. Still, you can pass on the disease to your child. Noun P, Ibrahim A, Hodroj MH, Bou-Fakhredin R, Taher AT. Symptoms of moderate anemia may include: Beta thalassemia is caused by a genetic mutation inherited from one or both of your parents. Abstract. ; 2 Department of Internal Medicine, UOC Medicina Generale, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. This is the most severe form of this disorder. SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with -thalassemia: The French Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Learn what having thalassemia may mean for you during the COVID-19 pandemic. 2020;91(3):e2020026. Blood tests can reveal the number of red blood cells and abnormalities in size, shape or color. 8600 Rockville Pike PDF Clinical Guidance on COVID- 19 Vaccines for People with Thalassemia Nutrition. "At the end of the day, we're still not sure if blood type makes a difference," said Dr. Russo. Susceptibility of -Thalassemia heterozygotes to COVID-19. Blood. It protects the epithelial barriers from pathogens and modulates excessive immune responses in . Delaporta P, et al. 2020;105(1):1623. A large repertoire of IgA is produced by B lymphocytes with T-independent and T-dependent mechanisms useful in defense against pathogenic microorganisms and to reduce immune activation. Severe thalassemia used to be fatal by early adulthood, but now people frequently live into their 60s or beyond. The results provide hope that people receiving SARS-CoV-2 vaccines will develop similar lasting immune memories after vaccination. Marion Cook. But blood tests can only lead doctors to presume that you have the trait. Learn more about its symptoms and how it's diagnosed. Scientists use + to indicate a gene mutation that lowers production and 0 to indicate a mutation that causes the gene to be absent. A 2022 study found that people with beta-thalassemia trait were also at increased risk of severe illness from COVID-19. There are three types of thalassemia, one is minor and the other two Alpha and Beta thalassemia are a major threat to health of a person. People having hematological disorders and hypercoagulability state need extra precautions because of the increased risk of thrombosis after COVID-19 vaccination. If symptoms occur, theyre likely to be mild. Current recommendations are that a person's usual regimen of transfusions should be continued during the pandemic. There are two types of thalassemia, alpha and beta. Lets look at why and what you can do about it. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the "Long COVID" is a term meaning symptoms that persist after the infection has cleared. Some research suggests that people with beta thalassemia may be at an elevated risk of developing severe illness or death from COVID-19, but research is still mixed. The immune systems of more than 95% of people who recovered from COVID-19 had durable memories of the virus up to eight months after infection.
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